
The above image of a flea is part of Kenbikyō Mushi No Zu (”Illustrations of Microscopic Insects”), a scroll published in 1860. The scroll contains paintings of a series of insects and seen through a microscope.
The Tohoku University Library houses the original copy of the Kenbikyō Mushi No Zu scroll.
Source: Stephen Reinhardt of Tessella Zine and edo of Pink Tentacle